Elements and Characteristics of a Clinical Micro System

I was once a support services team member in Lebanon at the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Spine Centre. This centre collects information from healthcare recipients using touch pads. Hence, clinicians make decisions based on the data collected from patients. The medical symptoms of patients who visit this clinical micro system are determined using a computer through a sensitive touch screen. Hence, results on previous treatments, anticipations for care, functional status and body symptoms are obtained from a computer.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Elements and Characteristics of a Clinical Micro System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A clinical staff may also apply other methodologies in order to offer directions on the management and assessment of patient’s needs. Moreover, pre-planning of needs of a healthcare recipient is largely preferred in order to improve efficiency. Follow-ups on the progress of patients a re also encouraged especially through phone calls in order to ensure that all the management information has been adequately comprehended. After sharing the reading, my experience with the above clinical micro system has been greatly enlightened. For instance, I have realized that teamwork is integral when handling patients with myriads of medical problems that need urgent attention (Charlesa, Gafnia and Whelana 650). Additionally, the adaptive challenge that may assist my team in the final project is the ability to apply medical technology when evaluating patients and also being consistent throughout the project. In order to be a well informed team member, the above experience has indeed added value in my ability to choose the right person to interview. The person should be knowledgeable on specific area of specialization and also a team player (Charlesa, Gafnia and Whelana 655). Works Cited Charlesa Cathy, Amiram Gafnia and Tim Whelana. â€Å"Decision-making in the physician†“ patient encounter: revisiting the shared treatment decision-making model.† Social Science Medicine 49 (1999): 651-661. Print. This essay on Elements and Characteristics of a Clinical Micro System was written and submitted by user Cailyn Cruz to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Lies, damned lies and statistics - Emphasis

Lies, damned lies and statistics Lies, damned lies and statistics There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies and statistics. So said Benjamin Disraeli (and later Mark Twain, who was quoting him). Yet the public (and thats all of us, at one time or another) continues to be sucked in by reports based on spurious logic and facts of dubious provenance. If youve ever wondered why, you should read Risk, by Dan Gardner. Its a fascinating explanation of why we fall for sensationalist writing every time. The link between the MMR triple vaccine and autism is one of the latest examples of the triumph of hype over reality. Reports of a link were based on a study involving just a handful of children. And countless subsequent and much bigger studies failed to confirm it. So the UK Government issued a statement saying that there was no link. And thats when it all kicked off probably helped by the Governments denial. (After all, if the Governments denying it, then it must be true, right?) The newspapers began filling up with studies of children whod received the triple jab and then went on to develop the condition. Queues formed at clinics offering measles, mumps and rubella vaccination in three separate injections (a method that unlike the triple jab had never been tested on a large scale for either safety or efficacy). More and more people sought alternatives, such as homoeopathic vaccination. And crucially vaccination rates plummeted, to way below that required to produce herd immunity. Now, years later, measles infection rates have climbed dramatically more than 1300 last year in the UK alone, compared with just 56 ten years ago. The World Health Organization has abandoned its hope of eradicating the disease in the short term. And all because of a dubious, almost certainly unrepresentative study. So why did we fall for it? It would be tempting to say that most people lack the technical knowledge to assess statistics properly. That may be true, but theres more to it than that. Psychology plays a huge part. Our emotions are produced in the parts of the brain that evolved long before the parts that enable us to reason. And we make judgements usually subconsciously based on emotion (or gut feel) long before we use logic to work out if our gut feeling is right. Then theres innumeracy. According to French neuroscientist Stanislas Dehaene, were slower to compute 4+5 than 2+3. In fact, humans innate skill with numbers isnt much better than that of rats and dolphins. Its just that weve learned how to overcome it with a lot of effort. (When polled, 45 per cent of Canadians didnt know how many millions there are in a billion, for example.) So instead, people rely on gut feel: autism is a Bad Thing, so MMR must be bad. Logic never really gets a look in. Risk explains in a clear and compelling way why our lives are dominated by irrational fears (as well as why we dont worry about the things we should worry about). Its the perfect antidote to the current epidemic of negative news. And if you dont want to read that, heres another statistic for you, this time from the late comedian George Carlin: Think about how stupid the average person is; now realise half of them are dumber than that.

Are social media and increasing access to virtual reality altering our Essay

Are social media and increasing access to virtual reality altering our social interactions and expectations - Essay Example The social/cultural and ethical aspects that I will concentrate on pertain to privacy issues and the development of friendships, as well a social circles on-line. These are activities that Americans previously loved to do in real time using physical interaction but has now migrated to virtual settings within the context of social media. 3. What are the opponents of your position likely to claim? My opponents will be most likely to claim that social media has enhanced the social lives of people and allowed for a greater degree of friendship development since social media is used as a world wide connectivity and discussion tool. 4. What is your response or reason that suggests your opponents are incorrect? Simply put, we may have a large friends list in our social media accounts but we do not really know anything about them. Social media creates shallow friendships that do not last beyond a shared interest in a particular activity. These are simply friendships suggested by the social m edia based upon our perceived likes and dislikes. 5. Cite at least TWO outside resources that support your position and one that expresses the objection to your position. Two outside sources that support my position will come from Jay Baer's article â€Å"Social Media, Pretend Friends, and the Lie of False Intimacy† along with Kathleen C. and Anuhea R.'s â€Å"Free Speech: Benefit or Liability?†. ... For those living far apart from friends, postal mail was the way to go in terms of keeping in touch. Needless to say, making and keeping friends during the time of our parents really required effort in order to get to know each other and stay in touch. but all of that changed with the advent of social media. Twitter, Facebook, Myspace, all of these social channels allowed for instant connectivity among friends. It also allowed people to make friends with other people based upon shared likes and interests. The time had come for the rise of easy contact and making friends all over the world. Sadly, even though social media has created an excellent virtual reality setting that allows us to interact across the seas, it has also altered our social interactions and expectations in a negative manner. This paper will look at two of the main reasons for the negative influence of social media over our lives and methods of interacting with people as opposed to those who believe that social medi a has provided a tremendous benefit to our social interactions using various articles and journals that support and opposed the issue respectively. Let me start off this discussion with the reasons that people say social media has positively affected our social interaction and expectations. Proponents of social media say that the instant communication allowed by the system makes part of the conversation by allowing them to participate in discussions rather than talking at them (Folkens, Dave â€Å"3 Ways Social Media is Changing Public Relations†). By allowing people to have their say via social media, the group interaction helps to remove the communication barriers that used to exist for people during the infancy of the internet. As such, the internet has become a

Orientalism Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Orientalism - Movie Review Example In â€Å"Orientalism,† Edward Said, wanted to explain to the western world, especially the United States, some of the cultural and ideological differences between the â€Å"orient,† by which he means the Middle East, and the United States. Said’s â€Å"Orientalism† is divided into six sections, and in each section, he tackles one of the significant aspects of the relationship between the Middle East, representing the East, and the United States, representing the West. The five sections of â€Å"Orientalism† are designed under the titles: â€Å"The Repertory of orientalism,† â€Å"Orietalism and Empire,† â€Å"American orientalism,† â€Å"Orientalism Today : The Demonization of lslam in the News and Popular Culture,† â€Å"Oklahoma city Bombing,† and â€Å"Orientalism and Palestinian Question.† The dominating theme in the six sections is the notion that Orientalism constitutes a package of thoughts , beliefs, cultures, and traditions that are unique to the orient, and have to be adequately absorbed and understood by the East. According to Said, Orientalism does not connote a political or a social aspect alone. Rather, to understand the concept of Orientalis m according to Said, one has to develop deep understanding of many aspects that are unique to the orient. This idea is clearly expressed by Said when he introduces Orientalism as â€Å"a distribution of geopolitical awareness into aesthetic scholarly, economic, sociological, historical, and philological texts.† (Chapter 4) So, by using this set of â€Å"aspects,† Said approaches Orientalism as â€Å"a whole series of ‘interests’,† not a single entity. Among the various aspects of Orientalism, the cultural aspect remains the most distinguished and unique to the orient. The diversity of the cultures of the orient is stressed by Said, who believes that â€Å"cultural strength is not something we can discuss very easily.† Said declared that New York "plays an important role in the kind of

Support use of the medication. Essay Example for Free

Support use of the medication. Essay 1. Identify legislation that governs the use of medication in the social care settings. The Medicines Act 1968, the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (and later amendments), the Misuse of Drugs (Safe Custody) Regulations 1973 (and later amendments), the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), COSHH, the Mental Capacity Act (2005) the Access to health records Act (1990), the Data Protection Act (1998) plus equality legislation. 2. Outline the legal classification system for medication. The classification of medicines are all related to the medicines act 1968, while working with medication it is good to have an understanding and working knowledge of the common types of medication by training that should be provided by you company that you work for. 3. Explain how and why policies and procedures or agreed ways of working must reflect and incorporate legislative requirements. The polices and procedures are put in place to make sure that legislation is being followed so that all people in the setting, staff and the people who need care are being cared for are safe, all needs are being met, inclusive practise and diversity is being followed out and that the setting is staying within the law. They must reflect on legislation so that the polices and procedures are correct and are the correct way of doing things. For example if a health and safety procedure was put in place and was not inline with legislation then this could cause the setting to get in trouble with the law and could cause harm to the person who was in need of health and safety requirements could become harmed. Read more: Essay About  Administer Medication and Monitor the Effects 4. Identify common types of medication. Antibiotics, Antipsychotic and anti depressants. 5. List conditions for which each type of medication may be prescribed? Antibiotics They can be used to treat relatively mild conditions such as acne as well as potentially life-threatening conditions such as pneumonia. Antipsychotic medications are often prescribed for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Psychotic symptoms are common in bipolar I disorder, and antipsychotic medications are the standard treatment for these symptoms. There are also some antipsychotic that have direct effects on mania and/or depression and are therefore used as mood stabilizers. Anti depressants Antidepressants are used to treat several conditions. They include, but are not limited to: depression, generalized anxiety disorder, agitation, obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD), manic-depressive disorders, childhood enuresis (bedwetting), major depressive disorder, , naturopathic pain, social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 6. Describe changes to an individuals physical or mental well being that may indicate an adverse reaction to the medication. Antibiotics possible adverse reactions: Being sick feeling sick diarrhoea bloating and indigestion abdominal pain loss of appetite. Antipsychotic possible adverse reactions. Stiffness and shakiness – this can often be reduced by lowering the dose. However, if a high dose is necessary, the shakiness can be treated with the same kind of medication that is used for Parkinson’s disease. Uncomfortable restlessness (akathisia) Persistent abnormal movement, usually of jaw, lips and tongue () Make the problem worse before it makes it better. Anti depressants possible adverse reactions. SSRIs and SNRIs Common side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin- reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) include: feeling sick diarrhoea or constipation dizziness dry mouth feeling agitated or shaky not sleeping well (insomnia) or, alternatively, feeling very sleepy loss of appetite excessive sweating 7. Describe the roles and responsibilities of those involved in prescribing dispensing and supporting use of medication. The prescriber must be trained appropriately (may be a GP or nurse prescriber for example) and update themselves as required by any professional body that they might belong to prescriptions should be written clearly, ensuring the patient understands any side effects and the reasons for the prescription be given to them and how long they should take it for. Medication should only be prescribed after careful consideration of the patients best interests. The prescriber should have access to the most up to date version of the British National Formulary (BNF). Dispensing must also be appropriately trained, follow safe systems of work and understand the side effects of various drugs; be able to access appropriate information and understand when to access advice or further information (the dispenser may not necessarily be a trained pharmacist but should be working alongside one). By supporting medication this is through following care plans or support plans; staying with the person to support them to take it; using appropriate equipment (spoon etc) and a drink of water or any other way to help the medication go down like a yoghurt and of course reassuring communication. 8. Explain were responsibilities lie in relation to use of over the counter remedies and supplements Many medicines can be purchased through wholesalers and retail outlets by anyone. People may decide to buy and keep remedies to take themselves, including herbal remedies and products that they purchase from other countries. When the care provider keeps a range of ‘homely remedies’, it is care workers who will decide whether to give them to a resident or not. Homely remedies are used to provide immediate relief for mild to moderate symptoms. They are treatments that people would use themselves without consulting their GP, for example to treat toothache or indigestion. These medicines are potent and may interact with medicines that the doctor has prescribed for residents. The care provider is under no obligation to provide this treatment. But if homely remedies are purchased for occasional use by residents, the care provider must have a written policy that details the following: †¢ which medicines are kept for immediate relief of mild symptoms that a resident may choose to self-treat in their own home †¢ the indications for offering the medicines †¢ the dose to give and how often it may be repeated before referring to the resident’s doctor †¢ how to establish with the resident’s GP that the remedies will not interact with other prescribed medicines †¢ how to obtain the resident’s consent to treatment that the doctor has not prescribed †¢ how the administration will be recorded. 9. Describe the routes by which medication can be administered. Oral Nasal Transdermal Rectal sub-cutaneous intra-muscular intravenous 10. Describe different forms in which medication may be presented. tablet or capsule sublingual (SL) under the tongue buccal in the cheek Suppository vaginal [per vagina (PV)] inserted in the vagina rectal [per rectum (PR)] inserted in the rectum inhalation inhaled through the nose or mouth aerosol -spray (fluid) nebulizer device used to produce a fine spray or mist, often in a metered dose (fluid) intradermal within the skin intramuscular within the muscle intravenous within the vein subcutaneous under the skin Related to skin topical applied to the surface of the skin cream, lotion, ointment transdermal absorption of drug through unbroken skin. 11. Describe materials and equipment that can assist in administering medication. Gloves Aprons Spoons Medication pots Syringes Inhalers Peg tubes. 12. Explain the importance of the following principles in the use of medication. Consent, self administration, dignity and privacy and confidentiality. If someone self-medicates or is actively encouraged to participate in the whole process of taking their medication, depending on their ability, e.g. knowing when they need to repeat their prescription, knowing the time to take their meds, or getting a glass of water to take their tablets then they are being empowered to be active in the process, not a passive recipient who has no understanding/control over a part of their life, its about being person-centred, doing things with the individual, promoting their independence, feelings of self-worth esteem, hopefully less chance of mistakes being made. An individuals right to have their dignity privacy respected, following organisations Policies Procedures, National Standards, Codes of Conduct, Essential Standards of Quality Safety, this also relates to consent (Mental Capacity Act 2005) the right to confidentiality (Data Protection Act.) 13. Explain how risk assessment can be used to promote an individuals independence in managing medication. You have to think how a risk assessment finds the best way to manage something so that the individual is as independent as possible. For example it can find the best equipment for the individual to use to take a liquid medication foe example a spoon, cup, syringe etc so that they dont have to rely on others. Or it can reveal the individuals ability to remember what to take and when to take it.

Development of Health Care Strategies and Policy in the UK

Development of Health Care Strategies and Policy in the UK Health and Social Policy Introduction: In this essay we will discuss the health care plans and objectives, beginning with the definition of health and an analysis of the Constitution of the World Health Organization highlighting which are the areas of health care policy that seems to have received greatest attention. Health relates to physical and emotional well being and this is emphasized even further in the British idea of a welfare state were health relates to social policy and serves as one of the most important areas of governmental concerns. The health care sector of the UK government represented by the NHS and department of health is discussed extensively with health care programs, implementations of change within the health care settings, modernization, collaborative working approaches and a general improvement of health care services being emphasized as essential to realization of a successful health care policy in the UK. We also discuss obesity and smoking related problems within this general context of health care and social policy to show how polices or administrative aspects are related to health care services implementation in general Defining Health and Healthcare The World Health Organization defines Health as a state of complete mental, physical and social well-being and not just a condition free from disease and abnormality. The Constitution of the WHO is given as follows: Source: WHO constitution, 2005 THE STATES Parties to this Constitution declare, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, that the following principles are basic to the happiness, harmonious relations and security of all peoples: Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, and political belief, economic or social condition. The health of all peoples is fundamental to the attainment of peace and security and is dependent upon the fullest co-operation of individuals and States. The achievement of any State in the promotion and protection of health is of value to all. Unequal development in different countries in the promotion of health and control of disease, especially communicable disease, is a common danger. Healthy development of the child is of basic importance; the ability to live harmoniously in a changing total environment is essential to such development. The extension to all peoples of the benefits of medical, psychological and related knowledge is essential to the fullest attainment of health. Informed opinion and active co-operation on the part of the public are of the utmost importance in the improvement of the health of the people. Governments have a responsibility for the health of their peoples, which can be fulfilled only by the provision of adequate health and social measures. Worldwide Health Policies: The legislative and administrative measures on health policy within the divisions of WHO are carried out by Health Policy Analysis Programme (HPA) which is now fully integrated into that of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. Among the Health policies, the Health Impact Assessment (HIA) program adopted by the WHO is a major opportunity to integrate health concerns into all other related policies. HIA influences the decision-making process, and addresses all determinants of health, providing a new direction for participation and empowerment in health related issues and decisions. The overall aim of health policies is to track the use of HIA and to evaluate its effectiveness identifying what are the factors that can help in successful implementation. Along with the Health impact assessment which serves as a decision making tool, the health targets are instruments that can facilitate achievement of certain health policies as they represent commitments of reaching or fulfilling specified outcomes in health care objectives within a defined time frame. Health targets have been identified by the member states of the WHO European Union and OECD countries as tools for both policy formulation and implementation. Health targets have been the focus of several health related discussions and have contributed substantially to national and sub-national health polices (WHO report on Health Policy, 2005). In order to maintain the effectiveness of health target programs and health impact assessment, the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies launched a three year multi-country project on the effectiveness of HIA in August 2004, and this was co-funded by the European Commission under the Public Health Programme. As far as the WHO Environmental Health Policy is concerned, most European countries have addressed national health policies through the national environment and health action plans (NEHAPs). The WHO reports that Poor environmental quality contributes to 25 -33% of global ill health. Environmental health policy involves collaborative working different sectors and ministries, and the policy-making procedure itself involves many stakeholders in the phases of planning and consultation (WHO report, 2005). One of the important health policies is the evidence on health needs and interventions (ENI) Programme at the WHO Europe committee which helps assure staff and programmes which uses available evidence in providing advice and recommendations to member states. One of the goals of WHO is to ensure that there is a link between potential interventions programmes or policies and improvements in public health for the primary areas of advice and recommendations. The ENI programme is an important part of the European Advisory Committee on Health Research (EACHR)and is a division of the WHO advisory mechanism on health research, the primary role of which is to advise the WHO regional director for Europe on priorities and policies for development of research. WHO/Europe defines evidence as follows: findings from research and other knowledge that may serve as a useful basis for decision-making in public health and health care. (WHO report, 2005) The ENI policy makes WHO/Europe accountable toWHOs Member Statesas WHO is expected to make use of best available evidence to provide advice and recommendations for health policies to member states and it would be unethical if WHPO could not keep up to the requirement. Health and Social Policy in the UK A Policy has been defined as: ‘The process by which governments translate their political vision into programmes and actions to deliver ‘outcomes’ – desired changes in the real world’ Modernizing Government White Paper (2001) See DH report 2005, Health Policy A more working definition for policy is as follows: â€Å"A course of action with general applicability, requiring agreement at ministerial or ‘top of the office’ level† (Professor Mike Richards 2003) See DH report 2005, Health Policy The Department of Health suggests a Policy is usually developed within complex systems and with many deadlines and pressures; the DH Policy Collaborative is a unique collaborative approach in which health professionals and administrators need to work within the constraints of this restrictive and complex health environment and despite this be able produce benefits to the teams involved. In this period when the Department of Health (DH) is undergoing major organizational changes the Policy Collaborative complements the downsides of organizational change through promoting learning of new and innovative ways of addressing health issues. With public demands up for a faster and better NHS and social service, and for improved levels of public safety, the health department is working towards developing the right leadership for the whole healthcare system and also to secure delivery (Stephens 2004; Castledine 2004). The different health policy teams involved in health care implementation plans in different departments and their foci of work are given below: Source: DH report on Health Policy, 2005 Policy teams involved in phase 1 of the DH Policy Collaborative Policy team Focus of the work as part of the Collaborative Envisaged distinctive learning Transplant team Policy regarding tissue banking and the development of EU legislation Working with the NHS and other stakeholders on a high-risk, esoteric issue with a European dimension Cancer team The introduction of the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme Developing a bowel cancer programme fit for implementation, whilst taking account of the issues for symptomatic services Older people’s NHS/social care policy teams and workforce team To ensure the availability of an integrated health and social care workforce to help older people to maintain their independence Integration of workforce and service policy making and health and social care expertise NHS Standards team The preparation and publishing of statements of standards in relation to the provision of healthcare by and for English NHS bodies and cross-border SHAs Policy making around a ‘bright idea’ with urgent deadlines and devil in the detail Within the UK the NHS and Department of Health including the NHS executive set a national framework within which healthcare services are delivered and implemented. The health department uses several different policy measures and tools such as legislation, circulars and guidance, corporate contracts, financial levers and review meetings. Many national level departments and organizations such as the Audit Commission, Clinical Standards Advisory Group, parliamentary committees, the royal colleges and specialist associations, and the Mental Health Act Commission have an impact on research implementation (Klein 1989). As the DH reports, policy measures can have unanticipated consequences and can conflict with policy goals and their may be many obstacles to evidence based practice. There is a growing awareness for the need to identify solutions to problems within the NHS ad health policy initiatives and certain reforms on evidence based care also need evaluation. The aims of the DH policy for improvement of healthcare services are given as follows (DH report on Health Policy, 2005) †¢ To support the policy teams in reaching their objectives set within a specified time period †¢ To include wider stakeholder involvement in the process of developing health policy further †¢ To make implementation the primary measure of the DH policy making process †¢ To help project teams and wider stakeholders with handling of issues relating to implementation throughout the policy development process. †¢ To ensure a coherent, integrated set of policies supporting an agreed strategy. †¢ To take learning and experiences from the policy implementation programme and use that learning to develop an improved policy development and management process †¢ To improve ways of working and learning from experiences within DH †¢ To be informed of the ‘policy management toolkit’ †¢ To involve participation and support of colleagues in managing change in policies within the DH †¢ To develop measures that can demonstrate real progress of the ‘Excellence in Policy Making’ criteria set out in the NHS management objective. †¢ To give time for creative thinking and implementation of policies, testing small changes, using examples of best practice and achievement †¢ To be brave in testing new ways of working and striving for excellence in policy making and challenging the ‘status quo’. †¢ To take measured risks in the quest for continuous improvement in policies and to achieve an excellent policy. Health policy within the UK is incorporated within the concept of a British welfare State. The concept of a welfare state refers to government policies and objectives that strive for an ideal model of provision where the state accepts responsibility for providing comprehensive welfare in all areas to its citizens (Brown, 1995). Within the UK, the idea of a welfare state suggests government objective to provide its citizens with guaranteed minimum income, social protection and provision of healthcare and other services at the best possible level. The health care sector of the UK government is largely controlled by the Department of Health with the policy decisions taken by the DH and implemented in association with the NHS. The key elements considered within a welfare state framework are Health, Housing, Welfare, Employment and Social Security. Healthcare Management in the UK – Evidence and Studies Eccles et al (2005) suggested behavioral changes of health care professionals as an important factor of policy implementation. They write that routine healthcare is a haphazard and unpredictable process and the usefulness of results of implementation is quite limited. Their study explored the role of a theory based framework and suggests that some methods that could be used to operationalize the framework in the context of designing and conducting interventions which are aimed at improving the use of research findings by individual healthcare professionals or teams. This particular research aims o understand the importance of theory based research of health care services and emphasize on the role of behaviors and attitudes of health care professionals in successful implementation of health care plans. Cauchi (2005) highlights the challenges of integrated governance in the NHS with emphasis on collaborative and multi-agency working beginning from April 2005 and this according to him poses a challenge for all medical personnel with the nurses being given a leading and more responsible role in the management of clinical cases. Glen (2004) offers a wide ranging analysis and scrutiny of roles of professionals in the medical, nursing and healthcare sectors. Glen suggests that a coherent vision of the future is needed to shape the future of the health workforce and also argues that this requires moving beyond the presumption that medical reforms are primarily focused on shifting the responsibilities of doctors on to the nurses. The paper claims that the implications of changes in health care roles and the ability of existing professionals to function effectively in the future will require education, training and human resource investments which are supportive of these changes implied. The need to have a clear definition of competence and a national standard to practice has been recognized as essential especially as nurses work in acute critical care settings. A correlation between levels of practice, education ad remuneration has been suggested as important in management of health care. The author suggests tha t educational programmes for senior nurses should be in coherence with educational programmes required for modernizing medical careers. The paper also suggests that the NHS modernization agenda and government’s health services improvement require certain changes within the culture at higher educational institutions, professional organizations, workforce development agencies and NHS trusts. The NHS healthcare policy on obesity have made several suggestion on whether junk food advertisements should be banned (Patchell and Paterson 2004) to spreading awareness on the need to have a balanced diet (Price, 2005). A balanced healthy diet cuts down on risks of obesity, diabetes and heart diseases and keeps the citizens healthy and active if it is also combined with a healthy and active lifestyle and this approach has been taken up by the Department of Health to promote awareness and reduce health problems. For reducing other problems such as smoking, several measures have been taken up by the DH and NHS and these policies and initiatives range from community interventions using co-ordinated, widespread, multi-component programmes to try and influence behavior that would help in preventing smoking in young adults (Sowden et al., 2003) to effectively addressing tobacco control within health promoting NHS trusts as part of its network of health promoting hospitals (HPH) (Quinn et al, 2001). Conclusion: In this paper approached the problem of health and health care implementation program using worldwide and British perspectives of welfare and discussed related social policies and plans for implementation of these policies. We discussed in brief, the objectives of the WHO and the NHS, the different departments involved in a new collaborative framework of healthcare within the NHS, the aims of health care policy and the associated problems and obstacles in implementation of these policies. In this context we discussed specific cases of health care policies related to two major problems of obesity and smoking. We suggested along with evidential studies that maintaining modernized health care services and collaborative approach in the NHS are key elements of future health care improvement plan and also involve promoting awareness of the needs of an active and healthy lifestyle in individuals. Thus along with governmental efforts, individual awareness are key to better health and future well being and seem to form an obvious part of social policy. Bibliography Annandale, Ellen.  The sociology of health and medicine :a critical introduction /Ellen Annandale.  Cambridge :Polity Press,1998. Brown, John,  The British welfare state :a critical history /John Brown.  Oxford :Blackwell,1995. Inequalities in health :the Black report /Sir Douglas Black [et al.] ; edited and with an introduction by Peter Townsend and Nick Davidson.  Harmondsworth :Penguin,1982, c1980. Checkland K, Harrison S.  Policy implementation in practice: the case of national service frameworks in general practice. J Tissue Viability. 2004 Oct;14(4):133-6. Castledine G.  A nursing perspective on the new plan for the NHS. Br J Nurs. 2004 Aug 12-Sep 8;13(15):926. Cauchi S.  Integrated governance: is this the future? Prof Nurse. 2005 Mar;20(7):53-5. Eccles M, Grimshaw J, Walker A, Johnston M, Pitts N.  Changing the behavior of healthcare professionals: the use of theory in promoting the uptake of research findings. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005 Feb;58(2):107-12. Glen S.  Healthcare reforms: implications for the education and training of acute and critical care nurses. Postgrad Med J. 2004 Dec;80(950):706-10. Ham C J (1992). Health policy in Britain. Macmillan, London   Hayes J.  Time to change. Nurs Stand. 2005 Feb 23-Mar 1;19(24):78. Klein R E (1989).  The politics of the NHS. Longman, London   Dilemmas in UK health care /edited by Carol Komaromy  3rd ed. Buckingham :Open University Press,2001.   Health and disease series ;bk. 7  Previous ed.: 1993.   Lea, Ruth,  Healthcare in the UK :the need for reform : IOD policy paper /Ruth Lea.  London :Institute of Directors,2000. Price S.  Understanding the importance to health of a balanced diet. Nurs Times. 2005 Jan 4-10;101(1):30-1. Patchell C, Paterson M.  Should junk food advertisements be banned? Nurs Times. 2004 Jan 20-26;100(3):19. Quinn J, Sengupta S, Cleary H.  The challenge of effectively addressing tobacco control within a health promoting NHS Trust. Patient Educ Couns. 2001 Dec 15;45(4):255-9. Sowden A, Arblaster L, Stead L.  Community interventions for preventing smoking in young people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):CD001291. Stephens R.  A new era of health care. Nurs Manag (Harrow). 2004 Sep;11(5):12-3. Stevens S.  Reform strategies for the English NHS. Health Aff (Millwood). 2004 May-Jun;23(3):37-44. Taylor RT.  Effecting change in the NHS. Hosp Med. 2004 Sep;65(9):568. Turner JJ.  The GMC: expediency before principle: GMC reforms may damage the NHS. BMJ. 2005 Jan 29;330(7485):252; discussion 254. Timmins, Nicholas.  The five giants :a biography of the Welfare State /Nicholas Timmins.  London :HarperCollins,1995. Ujah EU, Bradshaw L, Fishwick D, Curran AD.  An evaluation of occupational health services within the NHS in London. Occup Med (Lond). 2004 May;54(3):159-64. Wilson T, Buck D, Ham C.  Rising to the challenge: will the NHS support people with long term conditions? BMJ. 2005 Mar 19;330(7492):657-61. Review. Webster J.  Leading the switch to patient-centred care. Prof Nurse. 2004 Oct;20(2):20-1. Websites: www.who.org http://www.euro.who.int/healthtopics/HT2ndLvlPage?HTCode=health_policy www.nhs.uk www.dh.gov.uk – for DH reports http://www.dh.gov.uk/PolicyAndGuidance/HealthAndSocialCareTopics/MentalHealth/MentalHealthList/fs/en?CONTENT_ID=4031694chk=87%2BXMM

Arthur Miller’s “Death of a Salesman” Essay

Who does not want to live the perfect life, the American Dream? Throughout Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman is in pursuit of this Dream. Willy focuses on the idealistic American dream his entire life, associating it with financial success, an excellent reputation and being well liked. He makes victims of his wife and of his sons by subjecting them to mistreatment and deprivation of a strong male role model. According to the Webster’s Dictionary a victim is one who is subjected to oppression, hardship or mistreatment. Willy puts far too much pressure on his elder son Biff, not enough on his younger son Happy, and he makes a â€Å"yes-woman† out of his doting wife Linda. Willy’s ideas of the American Dream outweigh the realistic trials and tribulations that need to be overcome in order to achieve the Dream. The American Dream is one of success and Willy views success as being well liked. He wants Biff to be well liked and hence puts much pressure on him to be popular. During Willy’s flashbacks to 1929, Willy encourages Biff to be a good football player rather than a good student. Willy pays so much attention to Biff and puts so much pressure on him to succeed and to be well liked that Biff does not have anything concrete (such as marks) as a backup. Willy believes that even though Bernard can get the best marks in school, that he will not survive in the business world because he is not well liked (Miller 33). Biff wants to live up to his father’s dreams. He wants his dad to be proud of him. Before the football game at Ebbets Field, Biff promises â€Å"to break through for a touchdown,† just for his dad (32). As a teenager, and right up until he catches Willy cheating, Biff does everything he can to get into Willy’s good books. He is the star football player and popular enough to order his friends around: â€Å"Fellas! Everybody sweep out the furnace room!† (34). Then, all of a sudden, things change. After finding Willy and Miss Francis together, Biff comes to the conclusion that his father is not as important as he makes himself out to be: â€Å"he [Mr. Birnbaum] wouldn’t listen to you [Willy]† (120). This is the turning point in Biff’s life because he becomes a victim of Willy’s actions. At this point, in a hotel room in Boston, Biff gives up on his life and the dream of success when he decides that he is â€Å"not going there [the University of Virginia]† (120). Willy has ruined his son’s chances at getting a good education and a  successful career. Willy puts so much emphasis on Biff’s success, that he neglects Happy. As a result, Happy feels the need to follow in Willy’s footsteps in order to gain the level of respect and attention from his father that is given to Biff. Happy feels this neglect as a teenager and feels the need to satisfy his dad: â€Å"I’m losing weight, you notice, Pop?† (33). Happy wants to be popular and well liked in order to get some positive attention from Willy. Even as an adult, Happy holds on to the need to impress his dad and to keep him content with his life. Happy wants Biff to lie to their father about seeing Bill Oliver because Willy â€Å"is never so happy as when he’s looking forward to something† (105). Happy wants Willy to be pleased with Biff because that would keep Willy happy and could stop him from having flashbacks and talking to himself. Success in business is one of Willy’s goals for the American Dream and thus, Happy wants to be a businessman because he is seeking his father’s approval. While in pursuit of the American Dream, Willy needs someone to support him and to agree with all of his decisions. Linda is there for him throughout the hard times. She guides him by being supportive of his decisions and even supports his lying. She knows that he goes to Charley to â€Å"borrow fifty dollars a week and pretend[s] to [her] that it’s his pay† (57). Linda allows him to feel important, at least in front of his own family. Not only does she defend him in front of their sons, but she also tries to keep the peace between her husband and Biff. Willy doesn’t appreciate this as he should, turning on her when she tries to get him to listen to Biff, telling her † don’t take his [Biff’s] side all the time† (65 ). Later, when she tries to comfort him, he tells her to â€Å"get to bed† (134). She endures him yelling, â€Å"stop interrupting† (64) without breaking down, only to ask him whether she â€Å"should?sing† (68) to soothe him. He has trained her to take his harsh words and act like nothing has happened. Linda is the glue that keeps the Loman family together as she tries to get Willy and her sons to speak calmly and peacefully and to see the best in each other. Ultimately, the Loman family is affected by the American Dream gone awry.  Willy Loman is very focused on this dream and his family’s success in business. Consequently, he mistreats his sons and his wife, making victims of them. His sons do not have a strong male role model who they can look up to during their maturing years. Instead, they have a daydreaming, failing salesman for a father, whose sole objective in life is to live the American Dream. He has also trained their mother to agree and comply with everything he says. The American Dream implies happiness and for Willy Loman that happiness is to die the death of a salesman. We have to wonder how the idea of death can bring happiness to someone’s life.

Water and Acetic Acid

Do the following problems in your lab notebook. Be sure to specify the knowns & unknowns, the formulas used, show your work with labeled units and round you’re answers to the appropriate significant figures. 15-1 Molarity Problems: (M = moles/ liter ) 1. What is the molar concentration of a 415 ml solution containing 0. 745 moles of HCl? (A: 1. 80 M HCl) 2. What is the molar concentration of an acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution containing 3. 21 moles in 4. 50 liters? (A: 0. 713 M) 3. How many moles of KI are present in 125 ml of 0. 500 M KI? (A: 0. 0625 mol KI) 4. How many moles of ammonia (NH3) are present in . 360 L of 2. 3 M NH3 solution in water? (A: 0. 767 mol NH3) 5. How many liters of water are required to prepare a solution of 7. 25 M MgCl2 from 4. 89 moles of MgCl2? (A: 0. 674 L) 6. What is the molarity of a solution prepared by adding 58. 5 g of NaCl to 230 ml of H2O?(A: 4. 3 M NaCl) 7. What is the molarity of a KNO3 solution prepared by adding 151. 5g of KNO3 to 300ml of H2O? (A: 5. 00 M KNO3) 8. How many grams of NaOH are required to prepare 2. 0 liters of 2. 5 M NaOH solution in water? (A: 200g NaOH) 9. What is the molarity of a soltuion prepared by dissolving 5. 68 g of NaOH in enough water to make 400. ml of solution? (A: 0. 55M) 10. If a 2. 34 g sample of dry ice, CO2, is dropped into a sealed 500 ml bottle of orange cool aid, and the CO2 gas released dissolves virtually completely in the cool-aid, what is the approximate concentration of CO2 in the now carbonated cool aid? (A: 0. 1 M) 11. How many grams of HCl are required to prepare 250 ml of a 0. 158M solution? (A: 1. 5g) 12. Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid. What is the molarity of the solution produced when 125g of acetic acid (C2H4O2) is dissolved in sufficient water to prepare 1. 50 L of solution? (A: 1. 39M)13. How many grams of bromine, Br2, are needed to prepare 0. 500 L of a 0. 100M solution in water? (A: 0. 799g) Lab Prep: Calculate the number of grams of Ni(NO3)2*6H2O requir ed to mix up 50. 0 ml of 0. 40 M. (Hint: The gram formula mass of Ni(NO3)2*6H2O is ) 15-2 Dilution Problems: M1V1 = M2V2, V2 is the TOTAL volume after dilution) 1. What is the molarity of the new solution when 500 ml of H20 are added to 500 ml of 1. 0M HNO3? (A: 0. 5 M HNO3) 2. What is the molarity of the new solution when 200 ml of 10. 5M HCl is diluted with water to a total of 1 liter? (A: 2. 1 M HCl) 3. If you want to mix up a total volume of 2. 0 L of 3. 5 M NaCl, what volume of 5. 0 M NaCl should you start with? A: 1. 4 L)4. A 52ml of sodium cyanide poison leaked from a bottle into a bucket of water that originally contained 427 ml of water. The concentration of poison in the bucket was found to be 0. 85 M after the leak. What must be the concentration of the poison in the leaky bottle? (A: 7. 8M) 5. How much water will one need to add to dilute 100 ml of 10 % SDS to 1 % SDS? (A: 900 ml H2O) 6. If you dilute 25 ml of 4. 0 % CaCl2 to a total of 100ml what is the final concentrat ion? (A: 1. 0 % CaCl2)Lab Prep: Calculate the volume of 0. 40 M Ni(NO3)2 needed to prepare 10. 0 ml of each of the following diluted solutions: . 0. 080 M b. 0. 16 M c. 0. 24 Md. 0. 32 M 15-3 % Concentration (% = g/100ml) 1. Mr. Harry's new baby is sick and not nursing well. The doctor suggests pedialyte which is a dilute sugar solution along with vitamin C. If there are 25 grams of dextrose in every 1. 0 L, what is the percent concentration? (A: 2. 5%) 2. Infant Tylenol contains 80 mg of acetominophen for every 0. 8 ml. What is its percent concentration? (A: 10%) 3. Vinegar is sold at the grocery store with a concentration of 5. 0 % acetic acid. How many grams of acetic acid are in every fluid ounce? (Hint: ml –> fl. oz? ) (A: 1. 5 g) 4.Robitussin cough medicine contains the following ingredients per teaspoonful (5 ml): 100 mg guaifenesin and 10 mg dextromethorphan hydrobromide. What is the percentage concentration for each ingredient? (A: 2 % guaifenesin, . 2 % dex †¦. . ) 15-4 Parts Per Million (PPM = mg/L) 1. LD50 is a designation for the level of dosage required to kill 50% of the test subjects – usually lab rats. If it takes only . 063 grams of arsenic in a 1. 0 liter volume to kill 50 % of a sample of test rats, what is the LD50 for arsenic in parts per million? (A: 63 ppm) 2. A water purifier claims that it removes 95% of the lead ions from your drinking water.If your water normally carries . 125 grams per liter of lead, what would be the concentration in ppm found in a glass of water you might drink from? (A: 6. 2 ppm) 3. If an adrenaline rush can be experienced when your blood contains only 5. 4 ppm of the hormone, what total mass of adrenaline is required in the blood of a person who has 6. 5 liters of blood total for the hormone to kick in? (A: 35. 1 mg) 4. A tanker of mercury (I) chloride, HgCl, carrying 150 tons crashes off the Washington coast. What total volume of sea water must the cargo mix with to dilute it down below the t hreshold of 4 ppm? (A: 3. 4 x 1010 L)

Hidden Figures Women Against All Odds Professor Ramos Blog

Hidden Figures Women Against All Odds Hidden Figures is a movie based on a true story about three amazing black women who work at NASA as mathematician in West Virginia 1961. They are not just trying to change the world, but they are trying to change history. They are battling with feminism, sexism, racism, discrimination and segregation. Despite everything thrown their way they continued to beat all odds to get their pilot John Glenn to space. They are the brains of the operations working in three separate departments of NASA. This movie is a five out of five and one to put on your bucket list if you haven’t already seen it.   Katherine Coleman Goble Johnson was played by Taraji P Henson. Her job position at NASA was consider a â€Å"human computer† in the space task force. She would calculate the trajectory computations for the capsule orbit and for its reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere.  She played a major part in making sure all the numbers and points matched.  She had to gain her trust  and spot  in the space task force, being she was the only female in that department, what  makes  matters worse is she was the only  black in that department as well. She had a lot on her plate and managed to make all ends meet.  Katherine had to deal with the math constantly changing and she couldn’t be briefed on all the information because she was a female. She had to miss out on a lot of data changes because she had to go to the bathroom which was a half of mile away because there was no black bathroom for her to use in her unit. â€Å"The limited number of women and people of color in the field make it problematic, in some cases, when entering predominantly  White male organizations† (Ballenger et al. 160).  Katherine’s boss Al Harrison played by Kevin Costner does not care about her race her gender he just wants her to be able to get her work done to help get a successful launch into space, and he made it very clear.   Mary Jackson who was played by Janelle  Monae’ worked in the engineer department, but was also known as a â€Å"human computer†. She strives to make the impossible possible and spoke nothing but the truth. Her boss Mr. Zelinski told her there was an opening in the engineer training program, Mary told him she won’t entertain the idea because she is a negro woman  an  that is impossible for her to be an engineer. She then sat out and pushed to work to become that engineer.  But she was told she was not qualified enough to have that position. Mary then had to go to court to be able to attend  an  all white  school too be able to be qualified to work at NASA as an engineer instead.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Every time we have a chance to get ahead, they move the finish line. Every time.† (Mary Jackson).  Ã‚   The last mathematician and â€Å"human computer†Ã‚  is  Dorothy Vaughan played by Octavia Spencer. Dorothy was in charge of all the human computers in the West Area Computing without the title of it, which was the supervisor role. She was a natural leader, and she strives to get the position she worked for. She paid attention to what was going on throughout NASA and instead of them losing out on work she got ahead and stepped up to keep them employed. NASA was bringing in a machine called the IBM that did the math of over 24,000 workers. Dorothy had to teach her and her girls how to work the IBM machine without anybody aware of her actions, because if she didn’t, they would soon be out of work. â€Å"One area in particular where black women stand apart is in their reporting of having been passed over for the most important assignments because of their gender – 22% of employed black women say this has happened to them, compared with 8% of whites and 9% of Hispa nics.† (Parker and Funk 1). This is what Ms. Vaughan was experiencing, even though she had the knowledge and experience she wasn’t qualified enough because of  her race.  Dorothy boss Ms. Mitchell was a white woman who ignored all of Ms. Vaughan request and continues to let her know she should just be happy she has a job. Despite that Dorothy worked hard to make sure that her or any of her girls went unnoticed.  Ã‚   Hidden Figures is a must-see movie. I will proudly give this movie an A.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Within  fifteen years of the enactment of Title VII, the wage income  of women increased by $22 billion, and more than four million women were  working in higher job categories.  Although women have continued to experience improvement in working conditions, employment discrimination against  women persists in various forms in at least three distinct categories: overt sex  discrimination, sex stereotyping, and disparate treatment.† (Gregory 38).  As a black female, it gives you light that no matter what challenges you encounter you too are capable of being whatever it is you want to be, it may be  a  challenge,  but it is worth it to make a difference in life.  If you haven’t seen this take the time out of your schedule get your popcorn and all your snacks and be prepared to enjoy a movie that won’t  bore,  you but will enlighten you on history in two ways. One Americans were the first to orbit Earth. Second, no matter what your race is you will be proud to watch these three ladies continue to hold their head up and make history by just doing their job and what they love. Hidden Figures won many awards this film and even nominated for Oscar awards. Here are a few they won, Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture,  Blue Ribbon Awards for Best Foreign Film,  MTV Movie TV Award for Best Fight Against the System, and  NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Motion Picture.  Please if not for yourself do it for me and watch this movie and understand the amazing  attributions these  phenomenal  women did  and what a game  changer  it  became and  now, they are known forever.  Ã‚   Annotated Bib   Ballenger, Julia, et al.  Women of Color in  STEM†¯:  Navigating the Workforce. Information Age   Publishing, 2017. Pp157-178  EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?              direct=truedb=e000xnaAN=1424273site=ehost-live. This book talks about the diversity   in the STEM workplace and how they feel working in a predominately white male industry. Scholarly Source. I will use this to show how the ladies if hidden figures may have felt the same as the ladies going through it today.      Gregory, Raymond F. Women and Workplace  Discrimination†¯:  Overcoming Barriers to Gender Equality. Rutgers University Press, 2003.APA (American Psychological Assoc.) Gregory, R. F. (2003)New  Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.  http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/ebookviewer/ebook/ZTAwMHhuYV9fMTA0OTIyX19BTg2?sid=e9944ffb-5817-404f-9eaa-96637b3315ba@sessionmgr120vid=2format=EBlpid=lp_28rid=0  Pp 38-47. This book talks about the women and their workplace. Scholarly Source. I will use this to show how women are affected by discrimination.   McElroy, Wendy, and Lewis Perry.†¯Freedom, Feminism, and the State. Vol. Second edition, Independent Institute, 2017.†¯EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=e000xnaAN=1530820site=ehost-live. This book talks about all the Feminist problems women have faced and are still facing. Scholarly Source. I will use this source to compare what the movie has dealt with in relation to what is still going on.   Melfi, Theodore  Hidden Figures.  January 6, 2017. This is the movie I am doing for my review. Primary Source. I will use this to explain my reasonings for my review.   Parker, Kim and Funk, Carl  pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/12/14/gender-discrimination-comes-in-many-forms-for-todays-working-women/  This cite talks about the stats of gender discrimination. Not scholarly, but  it shows  shows  the different discrimination for being women  and   for  women of color.  I  will use this to show the difference kinds of gender discrimination and how they all play a role in society.   WHITTAKER, E. W.  Solitudes of the  Workplace†¯:  Women in Universities. Montreal: MQUP, 2015.  Disponà ­vel  em: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=e000xnaAN=1130821site=ehost-livegt;.  Acesso  em: 28  nov.  2018. This text talks about women being treated differently in their workplace. Scholarly Source. I will use this to show how women are treated in their work place even if they hold the same degree as a man.  Ã‚     

Supreme Court nominees

Supreme Court nominees Introduction Supreme Court nominees evade giving direct answers to statutory performance and other legal issues (Stolberg). This has been a common criticism that Supreme Court nominees stand before qualifying the level. Senators from both sides of the authority either keep such parties or devise propaganda aiming to reduce their votes and chances of qualification. Conversely, the nominees have developed a variety of evasive techniques to these criticisms, and so open varied diverging responses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Supreme Court nominees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Supreme Court (SC) In the US, this is the highest judicial body, which leads the federal judiciary. It comprises of the chief justice of the US and 8 associate justices nominated by the president and confirmed by the senate. Once appointed, they enjoy life tenure, which may only be terminated through death, retirement, or resignation. C riticism of Supreme Court nominees SC nominees have always been condemned because of their previous statements and evasiveness of issues. Democrats and republicans have their own tactics to advance viewpoints to qualify nominees. The fitness of the candidate to deliver in the system is scrutinized, often based on responses to legal and statutory interpretations. Senate republicans reject the ratification of Kagan to the bench, analyzing her dedication to upholding the constitution and whether her countenance would prejudice decisions. They question whether she would be controlled by, or run the constitution. Some argued that she does not satisfy the high standards of the station and did not take liberal commitment to the set laws. She has on no account been an arbitrator and thus has no relevant experience in the field. Consequently, she may continue the list of judges who craft their own laws rather than interpreting the outlined principles. She also provides lukewarm support for s ome amendments and her tactics which tend towards the Clinton administration (Bacon). Fortunately for Kagan, the political situation has not been as active because the oil spill and the Afghanistan war have eclipsed her nomination. Previous nominees underwent more detailed analysis. Preceding candidates have been criticized for issues such as their lack of understanding or short-time service in order occupations (Rutkus). For example, Clarence Thomas had only served as a judge for less than a year neither was she involved in legal writings. Some groups did not support his stance on affirmative action, believing his decisions would be biased on faith. Other nominees have received criticism for their deeply held religious affiliations.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Concern to Senators The determination of senators to aid the general welfare of the American people would be c onstrained if justice may be biased. Senators thus focus their issues mainly on the credentials of the nominee understanding the law. Some of the values that these nominees hold may influence their opinions on the bench (Bacon). Some democrats, however, support her, stating that she is an ardent follower of the constitution. There are senators who vote in nominees based on their proximity to the senator’s constituents. When these nominees are not adequately qualified or reasonably distant, then the senators may make decisions, hugely depending on the current political situation or the views of the president. Others are undecided on how they should vote, thus this questioning is necessary to make reasonable decisions based on the credibility of the nominee (Rutkus). The questions provide facts on how well the nominee understands the structure and judicial roles, credentials and reputation. They discover how the nominee, if appointed, would upset the stability of the court. Oth er senators take that opportunity to ask questions which would lead public awareness to concerns in the society or to identify themselves with the issues. Evasiveness by nominees When Hatch questioned Kagan about the ban on abortion she gave distant responses, which left the republican troubled. SC nominees have traditionally evaded responses to specific questions so that they may not take sides or expose their flaws (Bacon). On abortion, she said the court prioritized the health of the mother. Kagan, who has both worked with Barrack and Clinton, evaded giving an answer to a republican who questioned her viewpoint on whether the system had favored some institutions in contemporary declarations. She said she did not embody the present court and hoped that one day she would join it, amidst laughter and characterization ‘a real politician’ (Mozgovaya). Nominees may avoid some questions which may eventually occur later in their court rulings. A response may expose their per spective on delicate issues and thus the inequality on decision making may be noted. Some senators who may have otherwise to vote on the nominee’s favor may be displeased by some of their responses, and thus affect their chances of nomination in jeopardy. Alito and Ginsburg, for example, evaded some question, citing that they may appear in the court at some later date (Rutkus). Nominees’ responses to criticisms and their opinions Most of the opinions held by the nominees are neutral, usually to prevent further evaluation. Kagan, for example, answered critics by stating that though she admires what Aharon Barak did for Israel, she would not necessarily follow his style of judicial activism.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Supreme Court nominees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More She says that she is more engrossed in politics than legal precedent, promising that her judgment would be based solely on the c onstitution (Mozgovaya). Responding to republican critics, she added that her governing would be, must be, and have to be different from decision making. Asked whether she would support the president’s agenda, she said it was not her idea of the job. Roberts, who was criticized for his faithful personal beliefs, said his faith would not influence decision making; further adding that he would look at the law, and not religious texts in making rulings (Rutkus). He declined to endorse the statement of a former president who considered the severance of the state and the church to be unconditional. The most valid approach A wide range of candidates are first considered before the president settles on a nominee. The nominee is considered by a committee before going to the full senate, for evaluation. The senators are each given time to challenge the nominee on radical issues. One of the consistent issues in the senate has been the choice of questions for nominees appearing before t he committee. Whether to ask, and how detailed the questions should be regarding their personal opinions on legal and legal issues is debatable (Rutkus). My most logical approach would be considering their substantive stance on topics rather than their actual credentials or private principles. It is not compulsory to force nominees to give responses for every questions asked, as some responses may undermine the integrity of the judiciary. Conclusion Nominees must be subjected to some criticism in an effort to resolve their take on public issues. Some of their responses may be seen as prejudging a case, based on their current beliefs, as such topics may be presented as cases in the future. A nominee without any judicial experience subjection to legal issues is essential, to determine whether they are capable of making decisions based on the law, or they would exercise their personal beliefs. Bacon, Perry. Senators query Supreme Court nominee Kagan. The Washington Post, May 12, 2010. Web. Mozgovaya, Natasha. U.S. supreme court nominee Elana Kagan: Israel means a lot to me. Haaretz.com. June 29, 2010. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Stolberg, Sheryl. Committee approves Kagan’s nomination to Supreme Court. The New York Times, July 20, 2010. Web. Rutkus, Denis. Questioning Supreme Court Nominees about Their Views on Legal or Constitutional Issues: A Recurring Issue. Congressional Research Service. June 23, 2010. Web.

Informal Report Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Informal Report - Personal Statement Example Apart from being a BA student at the Goldsmith University he has had a number of musical and theatrical experiences. I made me feel that everything was going good so far, as he showed his keen interest in the project. As I needed actors for this project, I contacted the drama department to help me out as I needed two female actors, after which six actresses contacted me through email. It was to me surprise that out of these six actresses who had contacted me, there were two actress named Michelle and Jenny who had worked with me previously in another project called 'Hello Again' therefore at this point I actually had to decided whether I should arrange for an audition for these six actresses including Jenny and Michelle or just take them without an audition. Thus I found it appropriate to discuss the issue with Sung Hyun, after we have discussed we decided to take Jenny and Michelle directly without an audition. They both happily accepted our offers. So far little progress had been reached towards the success of the project. However later I actually had to face some problems. For instance, I tried to contact Michelle so that she could provide me with the score and the script, but I wasn't able to contact neither by email nor by cell phone. Even then there were issues that were more serious and problematic; the person whom Sung Hyun referred, which we had decided to take as the music director was already involved with another therefore he was not able to join us and he told us that later he was going United States for his holidays. This was such a lack of responsibility, however no one to be blamed. Later there onwards I searched for another music director, though this wasn't easy. Finally I got an email from a person who showed interest in my project. She was a Korean and a major in music. Therefore a I discussed her offer with Sung Hyun, but she refused saying that she doesn't want to appoint a Korean, because she said what we are working on requires speaking with the native speakers and she I think th at native speakers are if not unwilling they are uncomfortable to work with the non native speaker. Even though I was quite disappointed with Sung's perception, I had nothing else than to agree to her, therefore I told her to continue to search for a music director. Thus what I could only do was to wait and wait. Thereafter Sung told me after about a couple of days that Theo wanted to work with us. But the issue was this that he could join us after his holidays were over which were only about fifteen days before the show. As the show was to be on the 27th of April, I thought that fifteen days before the show would be appropriate. After when he set the days for rehearsal on the 10th and 11th I realized that o should now call Michelle, therefore I emailed her again so that she could join us. However at this time I was able to contact her thus in her response she confirmed that she was going to join us, but after only a single day I received her conformation email, she vanished again and didn't even gave me response. Now I had nothing else to look for another actress, therefore I talked to Sung Hyun. Fortunately, Natasha was introduced to us by our music director Theo. On the other hand during this period Jonathan contacted me and asked if I was willing to work

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

Questions - Essay Example It has been reported that GhostNet worked on behalf of the Chinese government. This group causes the target computers to download the malicious software and gives control of computers to attackers. The US department of Defence has been attacked so many times by this group (Lord & Sharp, 2011). Cyber attackers target the important official websites for breaching the important data. Threats of computer security are inventive, which are used to harm the individual as well as business computer systems. For example, the computer network of the White House was breached by hackers on October 2012. They used the spear phishing attack. Another incident occurred when federal IT staff of Canada was fooled by hackers as giving them access to computers of government offices. In this way, the hackers got the access of the government systems (Websene, 2012). Both, individuals and businesses can install the perimeters firewalls, which permit only the authorized users to access the network. The network can be protected from the attack â€Å"Denial of service â€Å"by using the perimeter firewalls. An individual or business network administrator should configure the email servers to remove or block the attachment of emails, which are used to spread the viruses, and other, many attacks. Individuals and businesses must keep the backups of their important data (Symantec Corporation, 2011). It is concluded that the information security is important from both inside and outside attackers. Similarly, the data security from blended attacks must be ensured for both individuals and